Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) happens when the pressure inside the skull is higher than normal without a clear cause. This extra pressure can affect the brain and the optic nerves that control vision, which is why it is sometimes also called “pseudotumor cerebri.” It is more common in young women, especially those who are overweight.
The exact cause is not fully understood, but risk factors include weight gain, hormonal influences, and certain medications. Unlike pressure caused by a brain tumor or infection, IIH develops without a visible mass, yet the pressure behaves in a very similar way. This makes it important to diagnose correctly.
Symptoms include daily headaches, blurry or double vision, ringing in the ears, and sometimes nausea. Because the optic nerves are under strain, untreated IIH can cause permanent vision loss, which makes prompt medical evaluation extremely important. Some patients also report brief episodes of vision “graying out” when standing up.
Treatment usually includes weight loss, medications that reduce fluid production in the brain, or procedures to remove excess fluid. In more severe cases, surgery may be needed to protect vision. With proper treatment and close monitoring, many people can manage the condition well and avoid long-term damage.
Providing specialized neurological and pain management care with a patient-centered approach. Dr. Sader combines clinical expertise with compassionate care to help patients achieve optimal health outcomes.
